Beginner's guide to PLA and ABS

Maybe you are trying to introduce yourself into the 3D printing world, just like myself, but can’t find what is a good point to start? Well, here is something to start with: materials. You’ve probably heard all kinds of weird names like PVA, PLA, HIPS, CPE, ABS… and you’ve probably thought “what is all this about?” But don’t worry, I’m here to make your 3D printing first steps easier.

Let’s keep it simple and start with just PLA and ABS, two plastic materials which are the most commonly used in 3D printing.

What is PLA? (PolyLactic Acid)

PLA is a biodegradable plastic, so it’s made from renewable sources, and therefore the most environmentally friendly solution of 3D printing. It is easy to print, doesn’t smell, and gives a high resolution, so it can be used for a wide range of cases, from concept models and prototyping, to education and households! But keep in mind that PLA can not stand high temperatures, as it becomes soft around 50°C and it is not suitable for long term outdoor applications.

How to print with Ultimaker PLA?

• Temperature: 195 - 240 ºC (Depending on nozzle size)
• Bed temperature: 60 ºC or cold plate + blue tape

What is ABS? (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene)

You’ve probably had some Lego bricks on your hands at some point. That is ABS! It’s a very versatile, durable and greatly strong material, slightly flexible, and can resist higher temperatures than PLA, up to 85 ºC. Something interesting about ABS is that it can be sanded to smooth the print, and it can also be painted. It is perfect for visual and functional prototypes and for short run manufacturing.

How to print with Ultimaker ABS?

• Temperature: 240 - 260 ºC (Depending on the nozzle size)
• Bed temperature: 80 ºC + glue (to prevent excessive adhesion)

For both PLA and ABS you can know if the temperature is too high when you notice that the print has strings between separated parts and that the extruder leaks a lot of plastic. But if you observe that the layers are not sticking well to each other, then the temperature might be too low.

This is not enough? Then check out what other materials you can find!

Want more? Then check out what other materials you can use in your Ultimaker!